cramp
英[kræmp]
美[kræmp]
- n. 痉挛，绞痛；[五金] 铁夹钳
- vt. 束缚，限制；使…抽筋；以铁箍扣紧
- adj. 狭窄的；难解的；受限制的
- n. (Cramp)人名；(英)克兰普
词态变化
复数: cramps;第三人称单数: cramps;过去式: cramped;过去分词: cramped;现在分词: cramping;
助记提示
1. 对比：clam => clamp; cram => cramp, crimp, crampon.
2. cram, which denoted 'compression' or 'bending'.
3. grape, grapnel => cramp (nasalized version).
4. 区别：cramp, clamp: cramp中间是字母r, 是“肉”的拼音首字母，因此它表示肌肉的夹紧、紧缩而导致的痉挛、抽筋。
中文词源
cramp 抽筋来自PIE*ger, 转，弯，围，词源同crank, crook. 比喻义肌肉打弯的，抽筋的。
英文词源
- cramp (n.1)
- "muscle contraction," late 14c., from Old French crampe, from a Frankish or other Germanic word (compare Old High German krapmhe "cramp, spasm," related to kramph "bent, crooked"), from a Proto-Germanic root forming many words for "bent, crooked," including, via French, crampon. Writer's cramp is first attested 1842 as the name of a physical affliction of the hand, in reference to translations of German medical papers (Stromeyer); also known as scrivener's palsy.
- cramp (n.2)
- "metal bar bent at both ends," early 15c., from Middle Dutch crampe or Middle Low German krampe, both from the same Proto-Germanic root that yielded cramp (n.1). Metaphoric sense of "something that confines or hinders" first recorded 1719.
- cramp (v.1)
- "to contract" (of muscles), early 15c., from cramp (n.1). Related: Cramped; cramping.
- cramp (v.2)
- "to bend or twist," early 14c., from cramp (n.2) and Old French crampir. Later "compress forcibly" (1550s), and, figuratively, "to restrict" (1620s). Related: Cramped; cramping.
双语例句
- 1. Hillsden was complain-ing of cramp in his calf muscles.
- 希尔斯登说他小腿抽筋。
来自柯林斯例句
- 2. to get cramp in your leg
- 腿部抽筋
来自《权威词典》
- 3. He lost all sensation in his legs through cramp.
- 他的腿部因抽筋而失去知觉.
来自《简明英汉词典》
- 4. The swimmer suddenly got cramp.
- 这个游泳的人突然抽筋.
来自《简明英汉词典》
- 5. Winston stopped writing, partly because he was suffering from cramp.
- 温斯顿驻了笔,手指也写麻了.
来自英汉文学